An overview on recent advances in the synthesis of sulfonated organic materials, sulfonated silica materials, and sulfonated carbon materials and their catalytic applications in chemical processes

• Hashem Sharghi,
• Pezhman Shiri and
• Mahdi Aberi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2745–2770, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.253

• ; biodiesel synthesis; sulfonated carbon materials; sulfonated industrial and laboratory products; sulfonated organic materials; sulfonated silica materials; Review 1. Introduction Mineral acids (sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and boric acid) as homogeneous catalysts were

• area decreased from 913 m2 g−1 to 346 m2g−1 during the sulfonation process. The SEM images of HMP-1 (113) and HMP-1-SO3H (114) showed spherical particles. According to the TGA-DTA plot, HMP-1-SO3H (114) is less stable than HMP-1 (113). The resulted catalyst was tested in biodiesel synthesis at room

Poly(ethylene glycol)s as grinding additives in the mechanochemical preparation of highly functionalized 3,5-disubstituted hydantoins

• Andrea Mascitti,
• Massimiliano Lupacchini,
• Ruben Guerra,
• Ilya Taydakov,
• Lucia Tonucci,
• Nicola d’Alessandro,
• Frederic Lamaty,
• Jean Martinez and
• Evelina Colacino

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 19–25, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.3

• actually produced in very large amount as byproduct from biodiesel synthesis [17]. With this background, 3-ethyl-5-benzylhydantoin (3a) [9] (R1 = CH2Ph and R2 = CH2CH3) was also prepared using solid MeO-PEG-2000-OMe and HO-PEG-3400-OH as additives (Table 2). Using (L)-H-Phe-OMe.HCl as substrate, as a